By Mabuyane Mabuza
Vegetable farming is one of the best ways to enter the agricultural sector. It can be a rewarding venture, particularly when focusing on high-value crops. With increasing demand for fresh produce locally and internationally, it offers great potential for profit and sustainability. The National Agricultural Marketing Council reported that in October 2023, National Fresh Produce Markets (NFPM) recorded a turnover of R2.3 billion, with 243 145 metric tons of produce sold. Johannesburg leads the National Fresh Produce Markets with the highest turnover of R1.07 billion and 111,754 metric tons sold. Pretoria, Cape Town, and Durban also significantly contribute to overall sales and revenue. Smallholders account for an estimated R693.5 million (30% of total turnover) and 72 943 metric tons in sales.
Johannesburg leads the National Fresh Produce Markets with the highest turnover of R1.07 billion and 111,754 metric tons sold. Pretoria, Cape Town, and Durban also significantly contribute to overall sales and revenue. Smallholders account for an estimated R693.5 million (30% of total turnover) and 72 943 metric tons in sales. Vegetables are certainly a great way to start your agricultural venture, giving you time to learn and understand the industry. XploreAgri has received several questions about the best crops for beginners.
However, before you rush to buy seeds and get started so you can be part of the 30%, success requires thorough research, understanding the market and careful crop selection. Xploring what is in demand should be a priority
Choosing the Crop
Start by considering your region’s climate and soil type before deciding which
crops to plant. However, choosing the right crops is crucial. Opting for common vegetables isn’t always the best choice. If possible, focus on high-value crops like peppers, tomatoes, lettuce, and chillies, to name a few.
Infrastructure
Firstly, infrastructure like irrigation systems and tunnels should be included in
your budget. However, if you can’t afford these as a start-up, it’s not a major issue, but be aware that planting outdoors increases your risk exposure. In South Africa, you are legally required to obtain a water rights certificate from the Department of Water and Sanitation. (I will unpack this further in future articles.)
Water Resources
Water availability is crucial in vegetable farming, particularly for high-value crops that need regular irrigation. Understanding local water restrictions and creating efficient irrigation strategies is key to sustainable farming.
Climate and Geography
South Africa’s diverse climate ranges from Mediterranean in the Western Cape to subtropical in KwaZulu-Natal, with each region suited to different crops. For example, green peppers and tomatoes may do well in the Eastern Cape, while lettuces and herbs thrive in the cooler areas of the Cape.
Soil Types
Soil pH, drainage, and fertility determine which crops can thrive. Soil testing can guide your choices and help improve quality with necessary amendments.
The Market
Understanding market demands and trends is crucial before starting vegetable farming. Extensive market research is vital to gain insight into South Africa’s agricultural landscape. Understanding consumer demands, proximity to where to sell, whether directly to consumers or through other channels such as the Fresh
Produce Markets, and staying aware of overall market trends is crucial. These factors directly impact the types of crops that can be grown successfully.
We have recognised that there is a lot of information on this topic, so we’ve decided to treat it as a two-part series. Next week, we will expand on labour and machinery, and also xplore how to take your yield to market.
